This text provides a unique and compelling account of Wittgenstein's impact upon twentieth century analytic philosophy, from its inception at the turn of the century to its subsequent decline.It locates Wittgenstein in his historical context, identifies his main achievements and contrasts his two philosophies with those of Frege and Russell, the Vienna Circle, and the leading figures of Oxford philosophy. The juxtaposition of Wittgenstein and Quine is the most detailed comparative survey yet undertaken. The major criticisms of Wittgenstein's later philosophy are evaluated.Lucid and accessible throughout, this volume will be a benchmark survey for all those interested in the history of philosophy in the twentieth century.