Freedom and Responsibility Without freedom there is no responsibility - or ethics. Freedom is a product of evolution. I Agree with Daniel Dennett on this. But I differ from Dennett in that I see that evolution as incompatible with determinism. Dennett admits in places that the indeterminism of quantum mechanics exists, but considers it irrelevant. I think it is relevant. Evolution requires random variations. Determinism is incompatible with random variations. This is not to say that determinism implies predictibility. Predeictibility implies the existence of intelligence. Determinism does not imply the existence of intelligence. Also unpredictibility does not imply indeterminism. Variations that survive are "better". As Humans, variations that benefit humans are better for humans. This includes the development of empathy as a variation that helps humans and other life that helps humans prosper [except say, cancer cells]. Characters of individual humans are partly inborn, partly a product of environment. Society has some control of both of these. Such as proper nutrition of the mother before birth, and education of children after birth. Now, still, in an individual case, after an individual case after a criminal character has been formed, does the individial deserve punishment for a crime? He cannot help having this character [even if he made decisions in the past leading to his having it]. This is complex. I think the whole legal system [which varies greatly in places and times] is an attempt to answer this question. Great moral progress has been made by some who saw injustices in the then prevalent legal system, and protested against it. Ethics could, on this view, be an extension of Bertrand Russell's concept [adopted from Leibniz] of compossibility. But it could be interpreted on a way closer to its original meaning. Not composibilty merely of desires, but compossibility of existence.