The builtin type long provides integers of unlimited (except for memory
constraints) size.  Its signature is:

    Long: type L {
      (* constants *)
	'0' :   func [] val L;
	'1' :   func [] val L;
	'2' :   func [] val L;
	'3' :   func [] val L;
	'4' :   func [] val L;
	'5' :   func [] val L;
	'6' :   func [] val L;
	'7' :   func [] val L;
	'8' :   func [] val L;
	'9' :   func [] val L;
      (* operations *)
        % :     func [val L; val Short] val Short;  (* remainder *)
        * :     func [x,y:val L] val L;
        + :     func [x,y:val L] val L;
        - :     func [x:val L] val L;
        - :     func [x,y:val L] val L;
        / :     func [val L; val Short] val L;
        := :    func [var L; val L] val L;
        < :     func [x,y:val L] val Boolean;
        <= :    func [x,y:val L] val Boolean;
        <> :    func [x,y:val L] val Boolean;
        = :     func [x,y:val L] val Boolean;
        > :     func [x,y:val L] val Boolean;
        >= :    func [x,y:val L] val Boolean;
        In:     func [val Short] val L;
	New:    func [] var L;
	New:    func [val L] var L;   (* initializes to arg value *)
        Out:    func [val L] val Short;
        V:      func [var L] val L;
        ^+ :    func [x,y: val L] val L;
	nbits : func [val L] val L;
	nwords: func [val L] val L;
	odd:    func [val L] val Boolean;
        put :   func [val L] val L;
	puts:   func [val L] val ChStr;
        shift : func [what, how_much: val L] val L;
    };

The put function writes a long integer onto the standard output file.
The puts function returns the (decimal) string representation of its
argument.  The application shift[x,n] returns the largest integer which is
no greater than x*(2**n). The nbits function returns the number of bits
needed to represent a number in binary two's complement notation.
The nwords function returns the number of longwords needed to represent
a number.

Division truncates toward 0.  The sign of the remainder is the sign of the
dividend.  (See "rhelp short" for a relevant disclaimer.)

Deficiencies: Only division by Short numbers is currently provided.
Arrays indexed by Long numbers are not provided.

Implementation Note:  Arithmetic operations are about as efficient
as bignum operations in Lisp.  Long constants may be expensive to evaluate.

See also: short, strings.